Blackfin Darter

Etheostoma nigripinne

Percidae · freshwater water fish

2 minute read · Species guide

Blackfin Darter field guide illustration

About Blackfin Darter

The blackfin darter (Etheostoma nigripinne) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States where it occurs in the Tennessee River drainage, being found from the Paint Rock River to the Duck River system. It is an inhabitant of small rivers and creeks, living in small pools and nearby riffles. This species can reach a length of 8.8 centimetres (3.5 in) TL.

Additional field notes

Blackfin darter occur in a limited part of the Tennessee River drainage.

Sources: Etheostoma nigripinne species summary

Pools, riffles, and drainage limits

The habitat described by FishBase combines rocky pools with adjoining riffles in headwaters, creeks, and small rivers. The range extends from the Paint Rock River downstream toward the Duck River system, across Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi. Its summary specifically excludes Cypress and most of the Shoal Creek system. A record elsewhere in the broader Tennessee basin should therefore be checked carefully rather than accepted solely because it lies in the same major drainage.

The range account includes both upper and lower parts of the Duck River system, rather than referring only to the main Tennessee River channel.

Sources: Etheostoma nigripinne species summary

Guide sources

Research reviewed 2026-10-19.

Article text: Wikipedia contributors, Blackfin darter (source revision). Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Retrieved 2026-10-11.

Diet and feeding

The FishTraits compilation records these diet categories for this species: invertebrates or larval fish. These are broad categories, not a claim that every individual consumes every example in a category.

Reported feeding positions include bottom feeding. The compilation combines published observations; diets can vary with age, locality, and available food.

Habitat preferences

Reported habitat associations include creeks.

The source records associations with gravel, cobble, bedrock. An association indicates reported use, rather than an exclusive requirement.

Reproduction and parental care

The compilation reports a representative maturity age of 1.5 years. Its maturity field summarizes mean, median, or modal estimates, usually for females; male estimates can be used when female data are unavailable. It is not a fixed age at which every fish first breeds.

Recorded spawning months are Apr, May for the source’s reporting region (MS). This is a regional calendar, not a range-wide schedule.

The reproductive-guild classification includes guarding eggs or young at a spawning substrate or nest.

Size and recorded longevity

FishTraits reports a maximum total length of 8.8 centimetres. Some entries use an estimated asymptotic length; this value should not be treated as a certified record catch.

Recorded longevity in the compilation is 3 years. Wild observations were preferred, but captive records were accepted where wild records were unavailable, and unspecified records were assumed wild. The value is not a guaranteed wild lifespan or an aquarium life expectancy.

Range

Where it lives

Share of 1,192 GBIF observation records with a state location, across 3 states. The orange dots are USGS stream-survey sites where this species was caught.
0%
53.3%
Share of 1,192 GBIF observation records with a state location, across 3 states. The orange dots are USGS stream-survey sites where this species was caught.

A blank area on the dot layer usually means nobody sampled there, not that the fish is absent. Turn on “every survey site” to see where the survey looked.

The USGS stream survey caught it at 48 of its sites, in 3 states. That survey and the GBIF records are two different counts of two different things, so the site keeps them apart.

Habitat

Water and movement

Water
WoRMS records this species in fresh water.
Migration
Undetermined

Classification

Taxonomy

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Superclass
Actinopterygii
Class
Teleostei
Order
Perciformes
Family
Percidae
Genus
Etheostoma
Species
Etheostoma nigripinne
ITIS TSN
168458
WoRMS AphiaID
1011946
GBIF key
2382370

Common questions about Blackfin Darter

What is the scientific name of Blackfin Darter?
The scientific name is Etheostoma nigripinne, in the family Percidae. Classification follows ITIS.
Does Blackfin Darter live in fresh water or salt water?
WoRMS records this species in fresh water.
Where has Blackfin Darter been recorded in the United States?
GBIF has observations in 3 states, with the most records in Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi. The map shows observation records, which do not establish the complete natural range.

Closest relatives

Other Etheostoma species

Same family

More Percidae

All 229 species in Percidae